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Vegetation-climate interaction : how vegetation makes the global environment /
"This book addresses the important - but often neglected - issue of vegetation interactions with climate. Although the subject of vegetation-climate interaction is a relatively young area of study, it is a compelling issue scientifically and is also of importance for land management practices....
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Berlin : Chichester :
Springer ; Praxis,
©2007.
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| Colección: | Springer-Praxis books in environmental sciences
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1. The climate system : What does climate vary from one place to another? ; Winds and currents the atmosphere and oceans ; The ocean circulation ; The thermohaline circulation ; The great heat-transporting machine
- 2. From climate to vegetation : Biomes: the broad vegetation types of the world ; An example of a biome or broad-scale vegetation type: tropical rainforest ; The world's major vegetation types ; Understanding the patterns ; What favors forest vegetation ; Deciduous or evergreen: the adaptive choices that plants make ; Cold-climate evergreens ; The latitudinal bands of evergreen and deciduous forest ; Nutrients and evergreenness ; Other trends in forest with climate ; Non-forest biomes ; Scrub biomes ; Grasslands ; Deserts ; Biomes are to some extent subjective ; Humans altering the natural vegetation, shifting biomes ; "predicting" where vegetation types will occur ; Species distributions and climate
- 3. Plants on the move : Vegetation can move as the climate shifts ; The Quaternary: the last 2.4 million years ; Biomes in the distant past ; The increasing greenhouse effect, and future vegetation change ; Response of vegetation to the present warming of climate ; Seasons as well as vegetation distribution are changing ; What will happen as the warming continues?
- 4. Microclimates and vegetation : What causes microclimates? ; From microclimates to macroclimates
- 5. The desert makes the desert: climate feedbacks from the vegetation of arid zones : Geography makes deserts ; But deserts make themselves ; Could the Sahara be made green? ; A human effect on climate?: the grasslands of the Great Plains in the USA ; The green Sahara of the past ; Could other arid regions show the same amplification of change by vegetation cover? ; Dust ; The future
- 6. Forests ; Finding out what forest really do to climate ; What deforestation does to climate within a region ; Re-afforestation ; The remote effects of deforestation ; The role of forest feedback in broad swings in climate ; Volatile organic compounds and climate ; Forest-climate feedbacks in the greenhouse world
- 7. Plants and the carbon cycle : The ocean ; Plants as a control on CO₂ and O₂ ; Methane: the other carbon gas ; Humans and the carbon store of plants ; The present increase in CO₂ ; The signal in the atmosphere ; The strength of the seasonal "wiggle" in CO₂ ; Accounting errors: the missing sink ; Watching forests take up carbon
- 8. The direct carbon dioxide effect on plants : The two direct effects of CO₂ on plants: photosynthesis and water balance ; Increased CO₂ effects at the scale of a leaf ; Modeling direct CO₂ effects ; ;What models predict for increasing CO₂ and global vegetation ; Adding climate change to the CO₂ fertilization effect ; Experiments with raised CO₂ and whole plants ; Temperature and CO₂ responses interaction ; A few examples of what is found in FACE experiments ; Other FACE experiments ; Some conclusions about FACE experiments ; There are other effects of enhanced CO₂ on plants apart from growth rate ; CO₂ fertilization and soils ; CO₂ fertilization effects across trophic levels ; CO₂ levels and stomata out in nature ; Direct CO₂ effects and the ecology of the past ; Other direct CO₂ effects: in the oceans ; The future direct CO₂ effect: a good or a bad thing for the natural world? ; Conclusion: the limits to what we can know.