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Roma and Egyptians in Albania : from social exclusion to social inclusion /
This report provides key insights into the social exclusion processes that affect Roma and Egyptian communities in Albania - two of the most vulnerable minority communities in Albania. It offers advice on the design of concrete actions to facilitate the inclusion of Roma and Egyptian communities int...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
World Bank,
©2005.
|
| Colección: | World Bank working paper ;
no. 53. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- A Roma Folk-Tale: The Cup of Gold Coins
- Objectives of the Study
- Albanian Roma in a Regional Perspective
- Historical Background
- Methodology
- Findings
- Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
- Objectives and Methodology
- Historical Background: The Diversity of Roma and Egyptians
- The Origins of Roma and Egyptians
- A Brief History of Albania
- The Interwar Period
- World War II
- The Socialist Era
- Transition
- Culture
- Language
- Expressions of Culture and Identity
- Family Ceremonies
- The Roma Fis
- Specific Roles of the Fis Leader
- Changes in the Social Organization of the Roma Fis over Time
- Marriage and Family Planning
- Formal and Informal Family-Planning Education
- Effects of Early Marriage and Childbearing
- Increasing Divorce Rates
- Income and Living Standards
- Household Income
- Household Expenditures
- Living Conditions
- Infrastructure
- Health and Health Care
- Education
- Decreasing Education Levels
- Barriers to Education
- Parents' Suggestions for Improving Education for Roma Children
- The Labor Market
- Traditional Socio-Occupational Identities
- Forms of Formal Labor
- Forms of Informal Labor
- Migration and Remmittances
- Origins of International Migration
- Host Countries and Regions
- Forms of International Migration
- Effects of International Migration
- Prostitution and Trafficking
- Prostitution
- Causes of Prostitution
- The Effects of Prostitution: Remittances and Social and Economic Costs
- Trafficking of Children
- Trafficking of Drugs
- Social Capital
- Cognitive Social Capital: Trust and Solidarity
- Structural Social Capital
- Implications of Social Capital
- Social Exclusion
- Albanian Roma Within a Regional Perspective
- Summary of Findings
- Causes of Social Exclusion Identified by Roma and Egyptians
- Definitions of Relative Poverty
- Factors Contributing to Uncertainty and Vulnerability
- Perceptions of Roma and Egyptians about Discrimination
- Perceptions of Albanians about Roma and Egyptians
- Ways of Addressing Social Exclusion According to Roma and Egyptians
- Social Inclusion: Recommendations and Policy Implications
- Access to Public Goods and Services
- Market Opportunities and Employment
- Access to the Justice System
- Access to Information
- Safety and Security of Livelihoods
- Social Capital, Voice, and Participation
- Roma Cultural Centers as a Means for Social Inclusion
- Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
- Working Definitions
- Questionnaire on Needs Assessment of Roma and Egyptian Communities in Albania
- Focus Group Discussions
- Statistical Data, Tables, Graphs, and Flowcharts
- More Voices of Albania
- Selected Albanian Roma and Egyptian NGOs and Contact Information
- The Patrilineal Kinship Structure of One Roma Fis
- National Minorities in Albania
- "The List"
- Community Profiles
- From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion
- Analytical Framework
- Conference Agenda
- Dissemination Conference Material
- Materials Used in Desk Review
- From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion-Analytical Framework
- Distribution of Identified Poverty Categories among Roma, Egyptians, and Albanians
- Characteristics that Distinguish Roma or Egyptian Culture from Albanian Culture
- Illiteracy Rates for Roma and Egyptians, by Gender and Age Group
- Employment Sectors during Socialism for Roma, By Gender
- Employment Sectors during Socialism for Egyptians, By Gender
- Host Countries to Which Roma and Egyptians Migrate
- Informal Labor Sectors for Roma and Egyptians Migrating Abroad
- Trust of Roma and Egyptians in Their Neighbors
- Trust of the Roma and Egyptian Communities in Roma and Egyptian Associations
- Distribution of Identified Poverty Categories among Roma, Egyptians, and Albanians
- Levels of Discrimination Experienced by Roma, According to District
- Levels of Discrimination Experienced by Egyptians, According to District
- Education Structure for Roma, by Gender and Age Group
- Education Structure for Egyptians, by Gender and Age Group
- Reasons Why Children Do Not Go to School
- Main Employment Sectors for Roma and Egyptians During Transition
- International Migration of Egyptians by District
- International Migration of Roma by District
- Informal Labor Sectors for International Migrating Roma Fise
- Migration and Remittances as Poverty Trap
- Prostitution as a Downward Spiral into Poverty
- Children Are Obligated to Beg for Their Family, Roma, and Egyptians by District
- Distribution of Roma Population 1991-94 (thousands)
- Estimated Population of Albanian Roma and Egyptians, by District
- From Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion Matrix of Exclusion Manifestations and Recommendations for Inclusion Policies and Actions
- Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
- Marriage Ages for Roma, Egyptians, and Total Albanian Population during Transition
- Ages of Roma and Egyptians at Birth of Their First Child
- Average Roma and Egyptian Family Sizes, by Zone
- Average Income through State Assistance for Roma and Egyptian Households (in percentages)
- Average Monthly Household Expenditures for Roma and Egyptians (in US$)
- Surface Area of Homes, by Ethnicity
- Type of Appliance/Furnishing Available to Roma and Egyptians, by Amount (quantity), and Ownership (percentage)
- Illiteracy Rates and School Years Completed for Roma and Egyptians Ages 7-20, by District
- Length and Cost for Initial Trave
- The Role of Financial and Social Capital in the Different Stages of International Migration
- Daily Income of Trafficked Children
- Distribution of Roma Population 1991-94 (thousands)
- Self-Assessment of Family's Socioeconomic Conditions
- Albanian Perceptions of Roma/Egyptians
- Summary of Short-Term and Most Urgent Policy Recommendations
- Monthly Income for Roma and Egyptian Households (US$), by Source
- Surface Area of Homes, Total and Per Capita for Roma and Egyptians
- Illiteracy Rate and School Years Completed, by Age Group and Roma Fis
- Unemployment Rate Among Roma, Egyptians, and Total Population of Albania By Districts
- Structural Changes, Effects on Employment, and Impacts on Roma and Egyptians Over Time
- International Migration Rates per Districts
- Methods of Sending Earnings Home from Abroad.