Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Acronyms and Abbreviations
  • Introduction and Executive Summary
  • A Framework for Pension Reform
  • Design and Implementation Issues
  • Structure of the Report
  • PART 1. CONCEPTUAL UNDERPINNINGS
  • 1 The Need for Reform
  • Fiscal Pressure: Short-Term Urgencies and Long-Term Needs
  • Delivering on Promises
  • Aligning Systems with Socioeconomic Changes
  • Challenges and Opportunities of Globalization
  • The Contours of Promising Reform Directions
  • 2 Conceptual Foundations of the World Bank's Perspective
  • The Social Risk Management Framework
  • Rationale for Public Intervention
  • The Multipillar Approach: Diversification and Efficiency
  • The (Net) Benefits of Funding
  • A Benchmark, Not a Blueprint
  • 3 Goals and Criteria That Define the World Bank's Perspective
  • Primary Goals: Adequate, Affordable, Sustainable, and Robust Pensions
  • Secondary Goal: Contribution to Economic Development
  • Reform Criteria
  • 4 World Bank Lending to Support Pension Reform
  • Scope of the World Bank's Pension Lending
  • Diversity of Pension Reforms
  • PART 2. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
  • 5 General and Country-Specific Options for the Reform of Pension Systems
  • General Options for Reform
  • Country-Specific Options for Reform: Policy Progression and Path Dependency
  • Conclusions
  • 6 Key Reform Issues: Firm Positions and Open Questions
  • Pillar Design, Poverty Relief, and Redistribution
  • Financial Sustainability Issues
  • Management of Public Pension Funds
  • Administrative and Implementation Issues
  • Readiness and Regulatory and Supervisory Financial Market Issues
  • Political Economy and Organization of Pension Reforms
  • Examples of Reform Dilemmas and Questions
  • 7 Regional Experiences: Developments and First Evaluation of Reform
  • Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia
  • South Asia
  • Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Middle East and North Africa
  • East Asia
  • 8 Final Remarks
  • Appendix: Tables on Old-Age Income Poverty
  • Endnotes
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Contributors
  • FIGURES
  • 4.1 Timing of World Bank Loans to Multipillar Schemes, by Number of Loans
  • 4.2 Timing of World Bank Loans to Multipillar Schemes, by Amount of Loans
  • 6.1 Parallel and Integrated Civil Service Pensions, by Region
  • 6.2 Distribution and Importance of Public Pension Funds, by Region
  • 6.3 Combined Collection and Clearinghouse
  • 6.4 Decentralized Funded Pillar in Chile and Hungary
  • TABLES
  • 1 Multipillar Pension Taxonomy
  • 4.1 World Bank Lending with Pension Components, Fiscal 1984-2004
  • 4.2 Regional Distribution of World Bank Lending Activities, 1984-2004
  • 4.3 World Bank Pension-Related Lending Classified by Pillar Support, 1984-2004
  • 4.4 Proportion of Pension-Related Lending for Second-Pillar Implementation, 1984-2004
  • 4.5 World Bank Lending for Reforms with a Dominant Second Pillar, 1984-2004
  • 5.1 Multipillar Pension Taxonomy
  • 5.2 Stylized Reform Choices for Countries: Matching Reform Needs with Constraints and Opportunities
  • 7.1 Principal Features of Structural Reforms to Social Security Systems (Old-Age Disability and Death) in Latin America, 1980s and 1990s
  • 7.2.